2007 sumatra earthquake

Another earthquake with Mw 6.8 occurred off Padang, in the northwest of the second earthquake, at 03:35 (UTC) on the next day. It was the second most powerful earthquake since the magnitude 9.3 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, exceeded only by the magnitude 8.6 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake. The magnitude 8.4 earthquake of September 12, 2007 is the fourth earthquake of magnitude greater than 7.9 to have occurred in the past decade on or near the plate boundaries offshore of western Sumatra. 1) and its prolongation northward along the Nicobar-Andaman arc are host to powerful earthquakes generating destructive tsunamis as documented by recent events, historical accounts and palaeoseismic evidence (Zachariasen et al. earthquake struck Nias Island in North Sumatra province on March 28, 2005. This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey. September 2007 Sumatra earthquake. The two largest earthquakes were the fourth and fifth earthquakes with magnitude 7.9 or greater to have occurred on or near the plate boundaries offshore of western Sumatra in 7 years, the others being the magnitude 7.9 earthquake of 4 June 2000; the magnitude 9.3 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on 26 December 2004; and the magnitude 8.6 Nias–Simeulue earthquake on 28 March 2005. The March 2007 Sumatra earthquakes occurred near the northern end of Lake Singkarak in Sumatra, Indonesia, on March 6. The September 2007 Sumatra earthquakes were a series of megathrust earthquakes that struck the Sunda Trench off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, with three of magnitude 7 or greater. On September 12, 2007, a great earthquake with Mw 8.4 occurred at 11:10 (UTC) off Bengkulu, Sumatra, Indonesia. The locations and focal-mechanisms of the Sumatra earthquakes of March 6, 2007, are consistent with these shocks occurring on the Sumatran fault, a 1900 km-long strike-slip fault that extends the length of the island. Earthquakes report is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant #CMII-0131895. Sumatra, Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami, 26 December 2004 On 26 December 2004, a magnitude 9.1 earthquake (3.316 N, 95.854 E, depth 30 km) occurred off the coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The earthquake lasted for about two minutes in total. Western Sumatra Earthquakes of March 6, 2007, EERI Special Earthquake Report, 1–8, This page was last edited on 31 August 2020, at 21:08. and Boen, T., 2007. In this framework, a series of significant earthquakes took place on 2007 September 12–13 (Fig… September 2007 Sumatra earthquakes; Map showing the 3 large quakes and 22 pre and aftershocks in a span of 24 hours. It was centered about 34 km underground, at 4°31′12″S 101°22′26″E / 4.520°S 101.374°E / -4.520; 101.374, about 130 km southwest of Bengkulu on the southwest coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, and some 600 km west-northwest of Indonesia's capital city, Jakarta. A magnitude 7.6 quake occurred at 5:16 p.m. local time, some 45 kilometers (30 miles) west-northwest of Padang, and a magnitude 5.5 quake struck 22 minutes later, roughly 40 kilometers (25 miles) northwest of Padang, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Aftershocks continued into 13 September and 14 September, with more earthquakes ranging up to magnitude 6.4. Overview On September 2 and 3, 2007, two earthquakes struck off the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, causing dam-age in the provinces of Bengkulu, Jambi, and West Sumatra, and in the Mentawai Islands. The first shock in this earthquake doublet struck with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) and the second shock that arrived two hours later had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong). The subducting plate is moving north-northeast at a rate of approximately 50–57 mm/year ( Sieh, 2007 ) and the strain accumulation over hundreds of years were suddenly relieved as a … Tsunami warnings were also issued in India and other countries around the Indian Ocean soon after the earthquake. The Sumatra-Andaman earthquake was one of the three largest earthquakes ever recorded. It was centered about 34 km underground, at 4°31′12″S 101°22′26″E / 4.520°S 101.374°E , about 130 km southwest of Bengkulu on the southwest coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, and some 600 km west-northwest of Indonesia's capital city, Jakarta. [7] The severe damage to other structures includes over 130 public facilities, 310 mosques, 60 government buildings, 370 schools, and 230 shops. On the Indonesian island of Nias, off the coast of Sumatra, hundreds of buildings were destroyed by the earthquake. What can be seen is that the earthquake over the weekend occurred on the edge of the rupture zone of a 2007 earthquake. The March 2007 Sumatra earthquakes occurred near the northern end of Lake Singkarak in Sumatra, Indonesia, on March 6. This earthquake … Tidal buoys[7] positioned in the Indian Ocean and other seismic tools have led scientists to issue a series of tsunami bulletins. [3] Over 43,000 houses were damaged, with over 12,000 of those severely damaged. A 6.2-magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island Wednesday, the US Geological Survey said, but there was no tsunami warning or immediate reports of damage. Magnitude: 8.4. The first event, M w8.4, struck at 6: 0 This earthquake occurred just north of the source region of the magnitude 7.9 earthquake … [19] Sumatra was taken off tsunami alert after two hours. 1999; Borrero, 2005; Natawidjaja et al. In addition to this great earthquake, there have been several M=7.3+ earthquakes in this region since 2000 (see figure below). After the first, and largest, earthquake, the Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre issued a tsunami alert for much of the Indian Ocean basin. A survivor squats on top of the ruins of a village hit by a landslide which occured when an earthquake hit the area of Kapalo Koto in Pariaman, West Sumatra province October 5, 2009. [10] The death toll of the earthquakes is 21 with 88 people injured. The March 2007 Sumatra earthquakes occurred near the northern end of Lake Singkarak in Sumatra, Indonesia, on March 6. A 7.9 Richter scale earthquake struck West Sumatra with the epicenter located 150 kilometers south west Bengkulu, Wednesday, 12 September 2007 at 6.10 PM local time. The first shock in this earthquake doublet struck with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) and the second shock that arrived two hours later had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong). The US AID has supplied them with all sorts of essentials like blankets, water, food and first aid kits. Both of these events resulted in numerous fatalities and damage to surrounding areas. 6 March 2007 Earth Quake in Padang, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia Earthquake Detail Region: SOUTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA Geographic coordinates: 0.536S, 100.498E Magnitude: 6.3 Mw Depth: 30 km MMI (Modified Mercalli Intensity): VII-VIII Universal Time (UTC): 6 Mar 2007 03:49:41 Time near the Epicenter: 6 Mar 2007 10:49:41 [15] In Peninsular Malaysia, tremors were reported after 19:15 local time, including Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Johor Bahru, Malacca and Penang. A tsunami warning was issued for the immediate area and watches for adjacent regions. [8] The total value of damage is estimated to be around 1.4 trillion Indonesian rupiah (US$160 million).[7]. It was followed by several earthquakes of magnitude 5 through 6 along the same fault, west of Sumatra. A total of 4 tsunami alerts were issued in 24 hours. [14] Most of the Central and Eastern part of Singapore had felt the tremor. Approximately 350 km to the south, a 250-km-long section of the plate boundary slipped during a M 8.4 earthquake in September 2007, while approximately 300 km to the north, a 350-km-long section slipped during the M 8.6 earthquake of March 2005. A variety of local and international aid organizations have deployed to the region to assist victims. The magnitude 7.9 earthquake was also a result of thrust faulting on the same plate boundary. It was followed by several earthquakes of magnitude 5 through 6 along the same fault, west of Sumatra. A debate arose among seismologists over whether this should be considered an aftershock of the December 2004 event, or a "triggered earthquake" as it was larger than typical aftershocks but on the same fault. A minute before 8 o'clock in the morning local time, a colossal earthquake began to shake the northern part of Sumatra and the Andaman Sea to its north. [22], Coordinates: 4°26′17″S 101°22′01″E / 4.438°S 101.367°E / -4.438; 101.367. The main cause of damage and / or collapse was because the buildings were not designed to withstand the seismicity of West Sumatra. [20] By late 12 September, the tsunami warning was recalled. At the location of the earthquake, offshore of the west coast of Sumatra, the Australia plate moves northeast with respect to the Sunda Plate at a velocity of about 69 mm/year, oblique to the orientation of the plate boundary. Massive earthquake strikes Indonesia on September 12, Indonesia quake was 8.4 magnitude, says USGS, "Sumatra 2007: M 8.4 - southern Sumatra, Indonesia", "Sumatra 2007: M 7.9 - Kepulauan Mentawai region, Indonesia", "Sumatra 2007: M 7.0 - Kepulauan Mentawai region, Indonesia", DART Buoy Station 23401 - 600 NM West-Northwest of Phuket, Thailand, Message indian.2007.09.13.002807 Pacific Tsunami Warning Center, NWS, Reuters AlertNet - Indonesia quake toll rises to 21 dead, 88 wounded, Tsunami alert issued after Indonesia quake: US centre, Singapore buildings sway after strong quake hits Indonesia, "8.2 magnitude quake sparks tsunami warnings", Powerful earthquake triggers tsunami in western Indonesia, India on tsunami alert after quake near Indonesia, Southern Sumatra Earthquake in 2007, coastal change, GSI, USGS Earthquake Center 8.5 tracking report, USGS Earthquake Center 7.9 tracking report, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=September_2007_Sumatra_earthquakes&oldid=995983842, Earthquake clusters, swarms, and sequences, Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja), Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Geological Survey, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 23 December 2020, at 22:33. M. Nakano, H. Kumagai, S. Toda, R. Ando, T. Yamashina, H. Inoue, Sunarjo; Source model of an earthquake doublet that occurred in a pull-apart basin along the Sumatran fault, Indonesia, Geophysical Journal International, Volume 181, Issue 1, 1 April 2010, Pages 141–153, Natawidjaja, D.H., Tohari, A., Subowo, E., Daryono, M.R. Date: 12 September 2007 () Magnitude: 8.5 M w [1] [2] Depth: 30 kilometres (19 mi) "Indonesia: Earthquakes West Sumatra Province OCHA Situation Report No. On Wednesday, September 12, 2007, a great earthquake struck off the southern coast of the island of Sumatra, killing at least 9 people and generating a relatively small tsunami. 2007), although the information remains scant regarding the possible recurrence rate of the largest events. [18] A small tsunami, some 15 cm high, was reported at the Cocos Islands. Tremors felt in Jakarta were described as being "violent". Depth: 34.0 km. [21] Similarly, a tsunami alert was issued in Peninsular Malaysia at 20:50 (local time) for the coastal areas of Perlis, Kedah, Perak and Penang; the alert was lifted two hours later. The Government of India asked the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and the union territories of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Puducherry to be on high alert. Like Singapore, the tremors were most severe on high-rises, resulting in minor panic and evacuations. A tsunami approximately 1 metre high was reported at Padang, Indonesia. According to data from the Japanese PALSAR microwave sensor aboard the Daichi(ALOS) satellite, South Pagai Island was uplifted, creating 6 new islands, and exposing previously submerged coral reefs as well as enlarging existing islands. The Southern Sumatra earthquake (M8.5 and depth 34 km) occurred on 12 September 2007. In contrast, the 2006 Java earthquake produced a larger than expected tsunami and is among a class of … In the twenty-four hours immediately after the event, there were eight major aftershocks, measuring between 5.5 and 6.0. by debris on a playground.A witness in the town of Payahkumbuh said several shops in the main street had collapsed and These images show the damage caused by the resulting tsunami to the shores of northwestern Sumatra.One decade after … The first shock in this earthquake doublet struck with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) and the second shock that arrived two hours later had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong). The first earthquake occurred at 11:10:26 UTC (18:10 local time) on 12 September 2007, and was an 8.4 Mw earthquake on the moment magnitude scale. [8], The tremors of the 8.4 Mw earthquake lasted for several minutes. The 2005 northern Sumatra earthquake and, to some extent, the 2007 southern Sumatra earthquake (M=8.4) are deficient in terms of the local tsunamis produced. After further aftershocks above magnitude 5, a third large earthquake, 7.0 Mw, occurred at 03:35:28 UTC (10:35:28 local time) on 13 September. Date & time: 12 Sep 2007 11:10:26 UTC. It is regarded as an aftershock of the two larger earthquakes.[5]. 6", United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, "West Sumatra Earthquake, March 13, 2007 : 17.00 PM", "Indonesia: Earthquakes West Sumatra Province OCHA Situation Report No. Sea level readings indicated that a tsunami was generated. No casualties were reported in the country, as of 13 September.[16][17]. According to the US Geological Survey,[2] the earthquake was caused by thrust faulting on the boundary between the Australian Plate and the Sunda Plate. Two other major earthquakes struck later. The fault rupture propagated 1,300 to 1,600 kilometers northwest for about 10 minutes along the boundary between the Indo-Australian plate and the Eurasian plate, from northwestern Sumatra to the Nicobar Islands and to the Andaman Islands. [7] According to the governor of West Sumatra, Agam Regency is the worst affected area, though other areas including Solok Regency and Tanah Datar are also badly affected. [4][5], The initial quake at 10:49 (03:49 UTC) measured 6.4 on the moment magnitude scale and the second quake at 12:49 (05:49 UTC) measured 6.3. The most powerful of the series had a magnitude of 8.4, which A series of tsunami bulletins was issued for the area. The most powerful of the series had a magnitude of 8.4, which makes it in the top 20 of the largest earthquakes ever recorded on a seismograph. [6], Over 60 fatalities and 460 serious injuries have been reported, spread across many towns and regencies in West Sumatra. [5] It was centred about 10 km underground, at 2°07′48″S 99°37′37″E / 2.130°S 99.627°E / -2.130; 99.627, some 165 km south-southwest of Padang and 345 km west-northwest of Bengkulu. The d… September 12, 2007 earthquake, the roof of the newly constructed building collapsed. The first earthquake occurred at 11:10:26 UTC (18:10 local time) on 12 September 2007, and was an 8.4 Mw[1][2] earthquake on the moment magnitude scale. Rupture Modelling of the December 26, 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake using the Hi-Net Array. On 12 September 2007, a magnitude 8.4 earthquake struck the southwest coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, the epicenter of which was located 105 km off the coast. The September 2007 Sumatra earthquakes were a series of megathrust earthquakes that struck the Sunda Trench off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, with three of magnitude 7 or greater. Seven minutes later a stretch of the Indonesian subduction zone 1200 kilometers long had slipped by an average distance of 15 meters. [10] The earthquake also led to a power outage in Bengkulu, which crippled communications. The tsunami generated by the earthquake was recorded nearly world-wide and killed more people than any other tsunami in recorded history, almost 230,000 missing and presumed dead. [6] Most of the aftershocks have been northwest of the original magnitude 8.4 earthquake. The epicenter was located at 4.520°S, 101.374°E, off the south coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. 5", https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04511.x, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=March_2007_Sumatra_earthquakes&oldid=976040601, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The source of the September 12, 2007 southern Sumatra earthquake is characterized by high slip values (∼10 m) concentrated in a patch 100 km long and 50 km wide, located at depths between 20 and 30 km, and about 100 km north‐west from the epicenter. The September 2007 Sumatra earthquakes were a series of megathrust earthquakes that struck the Sunda Trench off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, with three of magnitude 7 or greater. This figure from Caltech shows the rupture areas from great earthquakes off the coast of Sumatra. The magnitude 8.4 earthquake was the most powerful earthquake of 2007 to date, more powerful than the two March 2007 Sumatra earthquakes nearby and the 2007 Peru earthquake. A 6.7 struck Southern Sumatra on Sept 20, 2007. However, Malaysian authorities had detected a 1-3m high tsunami heading away from the epicenter of the earthquake.[16]. Epicenter latitude / longitude: 4.438°S / 101.367°E ( Indian Ocean, Indonesia) Nearest volcano: Bukit Tiga (160 km / 99 mi) … The world has heard much about the Boxing Day tsunami of 2004 and the vast loss of life associated with this, including more than 200,000 deaths in Sumatra, Indonesia, alone.However, the cause of the tsunami - the great earthquake, magnitude 9.2 on the logarithmic Richter Scale - … The second largest earthquake, 7.9 Mw,[4] occurred later the same day at 23:49:04 UTC (06:49:04 local time the following day). A number of countries have pledged aid, including the Netherlands (US$2.0 million), Sweden (US$1.0 million), Canada (US$0.21 million), Malaysia (US$0.16 million), United States (US$0.1 million) and Taiwan (US$0.06 million). The component of plate motion perpendicular to the boundary produces thrust faulting on the offshore plate-boundary. It caused buildings to sway in Jakarta, and some buildings were reported to have collapsed in the city of Bengkulu, Bengkulu Province, about 100 km from the epicenter. On December 26, 2004, Sumatra-Andaman earthquake occurred along the Sunda megathrust that runs southward from Bangladesh, along Sunda and Java trench and all the way to Australia (see Fig. September 2007 Sumatra earthquake. [11], Tremors were felt in neighbouring countries as far away as Southern Thailand. A series of tsunami bulletins was issued for the area. Point of contact: Miaki Ishii 日本語 (Japanese Version) The December 26, 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake and its ensuing tsunami caused unprecedented and unanticipated destruction across Asia, but the character of the rupture has proven difficult to unravel. 2). The Sumatra subduction zone (SSZ) (Fig. At the location of the earthquake, the Australia plate moves northeast with respect to the Sunda plate at a velocity of about 60 mm/yr. Also poor quality of concrete and detailing contributed to … [9] It was reported that several high-rise buildings were evacuated. At the latitude of the earthquake, the average long-term rate of … It was centred about 35 km underground, at 2°37′30″S 100°50′28″E / 2.625°S 100.841°E / -2.625; 100.841, some 185 km (115 mi) south-southeast of Padang, Indonesia and about 205 km northwest of Bengkulu (about 225 km northwest of the magnitude 8.5 earthquake). [12][13] In Singapore, which is about 670 km from the epicenter, the tremor was felt at around 11:10 UTC (19:10 local time). [4][5] The earthquakes were felt as far away as Singapore and Malaysia, which prompted the evacuation of some buildings there. The September 12, 2007, M 8.5 southern Sumatra earthquake occurred as the result of shallow thrust faulting on the boundary between the Australia and Sunda plates. This event was followed by a large earthquake with Mw 8.0, which occurred at 23:49 (UTC) on the same day in the northwest of the Mw 8.4 earthquake. The 2005 Nias earthquake (Mw 8.6) [ Briggs et al., 2005] and the 2007 Bengkulu earthquake (Mw 8.5) [ Gusman et al., 2010] occurred as mega‐thrust earthquakes in the Sunda Arc in Sumatra as large aftershocks of the 2004 great Sumatra‐Andaman earthquake (Mw 9.2) [ Banerjee et al., 2005 ], between the subducting Australian Plate and the overriding Sundaland Plates [ Simons et al., 2007 ]. It occurred about 225 km northwest of the magnitude 8.4 earthquake, at the northern end of the aftershock zone.[4]. The National Science Foundation through grant # CMII-0131895 however, Malaysian authorities had detected a 1-3m tsunami!, West of Sumatra, Indonesia authorities had detected a 1-3m high heading! From great earthquakes off the south coast of Sumatra [ 10 ] earthquake! 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