biological factors of serial killers

Various studies have identified specific genetic factors that can lead to the genesis of a serial killer; however, it is still unknown which genetic pathways beget the development of these factors. | Initially, they thought that they would never do it (Ted Bundy). This is a phenomenon cognitive-behavioral therapists make use of in exposure theory—a technique commonly used to rid people of their phobias. New York. Schlecter, H. & Everitt, D. (1997). Manipulation or deceit of others using superficial charm, feigning innocence or disability, or pretending to be working for an admirable cause. These common traits lend support for the idea that predispositional factors in serial killers exist and can be identified. The combination of biological and psychosocial factors influences how serial killers behave. a fear of spiders). This is because this is how they were born and wired into life. In an article entitled, Using Behavior Sequence Analysis to Map Serial Killers’ Life Histories, by David Keatley, et. Course Hero, Inc. Most likely suffering from psychosis.Mission-, oriented: Kills in order to “rid” society of a certain group.Hedonistic: Commits his acts for his own, personal pleasure. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Many people with this personality disorder simply fail as functional human beings—without thereby committing any crimes. Prevalence of multiple homicide. But sometimes what people who raise the nature-or-nurture question really want to know is not the degree to which genes are responsible for making serial killers but, rather, whether a person who has no genetic predisposition could become a serial killer. The Biological Causes For Serial Killers Ted Bundy, Dennis Raider, And The Zodiac Killer. Heritability is the proportion of differences in traits in a population that are due to genetic differences as opposed to differences in the environment. It is also likely that genetic differences can partially explain differences in testosterone levels. One possible contributing environmental factor, then, is desensitizing. Many others thrive in leadership positions in companies, non-profit organizations, universities and even governments that give them control over other people’s lives. Scott, S.L. Scholarly Resources: Wilmington, Delaware. Examples include the XYY gene, the XXY gene and the MAOA gene. Female Serial Killers. Berit Brogaard, D.M.Sci., Ph.D., is a professor of philosophy and the Director of the Brogaard Lab for Multisensory Research at the University of Miami. This is likely how messed up we humans can become without a genetic predisposition. A disregard for morals, social norms, and the rights and feelings of others. Find answers and explanations to over 1.2 million textbook exercises. Crime Library: Online. They get a deep satisfaction from the feeling of being in control of media, law enforcement and citizens (Dennis Rader “Bind, Torture, Kill,” David Berkowitz “Son of Sam"). *[According to the FBI, in order for a killer to be a serial killer he or she must commit at least 3 murders over a time period of at least 3 years at 3 different locations with an emotional cooling off period in between.]. However, the brain is capable of desensitizing. proposed etiological factors within serial killer case histories. The latter approach makes a person confront his or her fears gradually (e.g. Although there may be a connection between high levels of testosterone and antisocial personality disorder, it is likely that the two conditions can exist independently. Overall, there are many abnormalities in brain structure that may increase the chances of a person becoming a serial killer. Biological Reasoning Of Becoming A Serial Killer Introducing a new factor that is not really known, biological reasoning could be the main reason behind someone becoming a serial killer. Introducing a new factor that is not really known, biological reasoning could be the main reason behind someone becoming a serial killer. Although the biological factors seem to vary widely from head trauma to epilepsy, to abnormal EEG’s and or a combination of these traits and others, there is a definite pattern of sociological factors that most all of the serial killers are subjected to during their formative years. These factors could be influenced by drugs and substance use, overwhelming sexual desire, carrying out revenge, or desire to acquire property. 'serial killer' (Lefebvre, 2005). Repeated exposure to something that at first makes you extremely nervous or psychologically affected is likely to trigger you less and less. biological factors in serial killers.docx - Jordan Cole Biological factors in serial killers February 21st 2021 I wanted to start by discussing the 4. Ted Bundy was obsessed with sadomasochism/bondage long before he started killing and also experimented with theft. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was to understand how sexual fantasies influence serial killers’ violent behavior. The Best Way to Handle Someone Who Puts You Down, How to Change Your Attachment Style and Your Relationships, 3 Ways to Manage an Emotionally Abusive Adult Child, Psychology Today © 2021 Sussex Publishers, LLC. Even though it is reiterated throughout life and things like religion and punishment, why would someone still kill multiple times? This indicates clearly that, a serial killer doe’s not just carryout the act by being in a normal situation, but they act due to many eminent factors that lead them to carrying out the malicious act. For instance, low self-esteem, stress/trauma, power/control, loneliness, and belonging seem to be interconnected in a manner that predisposes one to serial killing. These types are classified by the way the play out there murders. The question remains whether it is inherent, genetic factors that form a serial killer or whether it is the environment in which that individual has been reared. Explicit or hidden hostility, irritability, agitation, A lack of fear of dangerous situations and behaviors that often leads to unnecessary. The disorder is characterized by: The heritability of antisocial personality disorder is estimated to be 0.38 (or 38 percent). The interaction between biological and environmental factors can be catalyzed by a hostile environment, increasing the risk for the development of aggressive behavior. Berit “Brit” Brogaard is a co-author of The Superhuman Mind. BIOLOGICAL FACTORS AND CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES 3 Examples of such crimes include psychotic serial killers. Get the help you need from a therapist near you–a FREE service from Psychology Today. “A serial killer is someone who kills at least three victims one by one in a series of sequential murders, with a form of psychological gratification as the … A heritability of 0.38 tells us that, on average, about 38 percent of the individual differences that we observe in degree of “sociability” (or “anti-sociability") are in some way attributable to individual genetic differences. So you're not a "10" in every which way. Other historical factors common in serial killers areabuse, trauma, insecure attachment, loss or abandonment of aparent or caretaker, antisocial behavior, head injury, and lowarousal levels. As a child or young adult, our envisaged person is subjected to severe physical and emotional abuse, which causes him or her to act out in more and more severe ways (examples of killers who were severely abused during childhood include Donald "Pee Wee" Gaskins, Edmund Kemper "‎The Co-ed Butcher," John George Haigh "The Acid Murderer,” Albert DeSalvo "The Boston Strangler," John "Pogo" Gacy “The Killer Clown,” Anthony Sowell “The Cleveland Strangler,” and Colombian serial killer Pedro Lopez ). It is The MAOA gene codes for the enzyme monoamine oxidase-A which plays a key role in the breakdown of neurotransmitters such as serotonin. Jeffrey Dahmer "The Milwaukee Cannibal" experimented with dead and living non-human animals before taking up serial killing. Jeffrey Dahmer "Milwaukee Cannibal”). During the period of acting out or fighting back (perhaps by torturing animals or other children), abused children may experience a kind of control, importance and aim in life--feelings that have been sorely missed during early childhood. Kristian Marlow is a graduate student at the University of Missouri-St. Louis and a member of the St. Louis Synesthesia Lab. Pocket Books. Some are motivated by the adrenaline rush of the hunt, the stalking and catching of their victims, and the perfection of their skills; killing for them is a sport (The Zodiac killer, Robert Hansen "Butcher Baker”, Israel Keyes). Neurodevelopmental and psychosocial risk factors in serial killers and mass murderers. New Study Explores How Yoga Reduces Stress, most people with antisocial personality disorder, Sometimes only the ultimate thrill can move them, being in control of media, law enforcement and citizens, The Superhuman Mind: Free the Genius in Your Brain, The Trial Over George Floyd's Death: Legal Causation, The Charges Against Chauvin in the Death of George Floyd, Serial Killer Myth #1: They're Mentally Ill or Evil Geniuses, How to Tell a Sociopath from a Psychopath, How You Know You're Dealing With a Psychopath. … 10 October 2020. Students will learn about the various psychological factors related to serial killer pathology Students will learn about the FBI's serial killer typology as well as motives based typology Students will learn psychological, biological, and social factors related to serial killer populations. It is unlikely that we will ever have a definite answer to this question. The most likely answer, though, is that the majority of the most prolific and dangerous serial killers were genetically disposed to behave anti-socially and furthermore grew up in an environment that cultivated a disregard for the lives of others. The emphasis upon infancy and early childhood may align serial killers with the Biological Trait Theories. Factors such as: “parental brutality” (environment), “frequently moving during childhood” (environment), leaving home early, “head injury” (environment and biology), “Autism Spectrum Disorder” (biology), some sort of abuse from the mother … They often describe their first strike as thrilling but also extremely nerve-wracking and so intense at the time that they thought they would never do it again. One reason is that the heritability of the exact composition of traits that lead people to kill in malicious ways and on multiple occasions is bound to be extremely low. Environmental attributes include the physical absence or lack of personal involvement by one or both parents and substance abuse. For some monstrous serial killers, some degree of desensitizing happens long before their first murder. This preview shows page 1 - 2 out of 3 pages. Edmund Kemper "‎The Co-Ed Butcher” tortured cats from a young age. The so called loners are typically the ones people say are most likely to become. Many serial killers report having had the fantasy of taking the life of another human being. Secondly I wanted to go over the most common biological influences in serial killers. Possible biological catalysts for serial murder include frontal lobe dysfunction and injury involving brain damage, brain anomalies, and genetic anomalies. www.crimelibrary.com. What makes a serial killer tick? Serial killers are motivated by reasons that are unique to them; the tendency of becoming a serial killer is influenced by biological, social, and psychological factors and no one single trait is the cause; most of the sexually motivated serial killers … But people can become desensitized without going to a therapist. The Making of a Serial Killer: A literature study into the effects of Cognitive, Biological and Social psychological factors in serial killing. inevitably comes up in almost any discussion of the most notorious and most barbaric serial killers in human history (that is, serial killers who not only satisfy the FBI’s definition of a serial killer but who instinctively make us think of them as sadistic monsters—the killers who, in Emily Dickinson’s words, trespass the forbidden boundary between fiction/fantasy and reality.).*. But this requires that something motivates the person to start doing horrible things to begin with. There are key differences between murderers and serial killers. A few genes have been noted as being abnormal in serial killers; these genes include 5HTT, COMT and MAOA. A history of unstable relationships (including. It became more and more normal. This is because this is how they were born and wired into life.   Privacy The following scenario could make someone a serial killer, even if the person has no genetic predisposition. The compilation of these factors leads many sociologists to view psychopathic behavior as the brain’s defense mechanism (Aynesworth 1999). Therefore, biological factors such as hormones, genetics, and intellectual ability should be used in declaring a person innocent or guilty (Denno, 1988). By Brittani J Oldham Reliability, validity, and utility of criminal profiling typologies Serial killers are considered to be individuals who have killed three or more people spanning three or more instances.   Terms. Lastly one of the newest biological factors in serial killers is called the “serial killer gene” most known serial killers have been found to have this. al., the authors list numerous factors that play a role in many serial killers’ histories. Posted Mar 26, 2018 The percentage of serial killers within each race and gender category included in the study was taken from current serial killer demographic statistics between 1950 and 2010. Why Studies of Insect Vision Will Change Your Life, This Should Be Labeled a Universal Principle of Influence, Alternative Facts in the Psychotherapy Office. Sometimes the most intense thrill for the serial killer comes from knowing that they are the cause of the fear of the people in the towns where they operate. It does not mean that 38 percent of any person's sociability (or anti-sociability) is due to their genes and that the other 62 percent is due to their environment. Genetic Factors Unrelated to Antisocial Personality Disorder. All serial killers are murderers but not all murderers are serial killers. Holmes and Holmes (2010) defined a serial killer as an individual killing three or more people, while Dyer (1997) emphasized the serial nature of the killings: "Serial killers kill serially: one murder after another, each a variation and continuation of those before, each an episode in a serial… “the, majority of the most prolific and dangerous serial killers were genetically disposed to behave anti-socially, and furthermore grew up in an environment that cultivated a disregard for the lives of others”, To further explain this explanation there is a stigma that people say about people who are quiet and, don’t have many friends. Not unsurprisingly, no one really knows the answer to this question. Copyright © 2021. Michael Ross “The Roadside Strangler” was stalking women during his sophomore year of college and committed his first rape during his senior year. including environmental, biological, and mental disposition factors. Visionary: Believes that a person or entity is commanding him to kill. This may have ... 1.2. Albert DeSalvo, the Boston Strangler, also tortured animals and was known by the police for shoplifting. Stratified sampling based on race and gender was used to identify thirty-six serial killers for this study. Studies have shown that a greater percentage of male serial killers have extremely high levels of testosterone in their bodies compared to the average male (Scott, 2000). For example, rape, torture or money.Power/control: Fantasizes about having power. We can imagine that a severely abused child starts acting out in extreme ways and then slowly gets desensitized, although this desensitizing is unlikely to be the predominant factor. Specifically, the behavior a person displays is influenced by life experiences, as well as certain biological factors. The main environmental factors were: child abuse, poverty, crime and antisocial behavior in childhood, while the highest level of evidence was related to early neglect. The gradual exposure makes the fear neurons less prone to fire intensely when confronted with the fearful stimulus. Charles Albright “The Eyeball Killer” shot small animals, which his mother helped him stuff. What further complicates finding out whether some of the most barbaric serial killers in history were born or made is that antisocial personality disorder (sometimes with a hint of narcissism) is just one potentially inherited characteristic that commonly appears among serial killers. Exploitation of others in harmful ways for their own gain or pleasure (sadistic tendencies). If ever there were a time to stop beating yourself up for being human, it is now. Even though it is reiterated throughout life and things like religion and punishment, why would someone still kill multiple times? A failure to fulfill work and financial obligations. sample of serial killers, as well as a more complete set of personal characteristics, to determine whether a sample of serial killers share any characteristics. I wanted to start by discussing the 4 types of serial killers. What further complicates giving a reasonably plausible answer to the question of heritability is that most people with antisocial personality disorder are not monstrous serial killers or even criminals. Not many people know that women can murder others, let alone, be serial murderers. Power and Control Serial Killers Consequently, this is a mix of both biological and environmental factors. As defects in the regulation of the dopamine system can be genetically determined, this characteristic is yet another potential genetic factor that may contribute to the chances of someone becoming a serial killer. To kill again: The motivation and development of serial murder. It seems that other, potentially unrelated, genetic factors might also be contributing to a person’s chances of becoming a serial killer. Abnormal levels of the brain chemical dopamine—which is responsible for pleasure and motivation—or the receptors (binding sites) for dopamine, may also be a contributing factor. Visionary, mission-oriented. Sears, D.J. Exploitation of others in harmful ways for their own gain or pleasure (sadistic tendencies). A failure to learn from the consequences of their good or bad actions. So, even if we discover that a notorious serial killer has antisocial personality disorder, this does not shed much light on whether he or she was born or made. People who naturally have low levels of dopamine or a low number of dopamine receptors need greater excitement to feel stimulated or motivated. and seeks to dominate and control his victims. While the first strike was so intense that they thought it would be their last, each subsequent kill was less frightening to them. Furthermore, there are biological factors that also play a significant role in determining one’s behaviour Neurophysiology has uncovered neurological and physical abnormalities that may begin as early as the prenatal stage in some humans. From a social construction point of view, Hickey describes a trauma-control model of the serial killer. Based on the evidence presented one can concluded that serial killers are not just influenced by predestined genes, but also environmental and developmental influences.Serial killers are motivated by both of these factors which include the genetics and chemical components of their brains also the environmental and developmental influences these serial killers have in their lives. However, it should be used together with environmental factors. Attempts to estimate the numbers of serial murder victims have varied greatly ( Quinet, 2007 ). But there are several reasons to think that some serial killers have no genetic predisposition to kill intentionally but are created purely by their environment. Recurrent fall outs with authority figures, including law enforcement, and sometimes sanctions, arrest and conviction. The A to Z encyclopedia of serial killers. So, if high testosterone can trigger tendencies to become violent, then we have another factor that is partially genetic and that may be a factor in triggering the kind of violence seen in serial killers. serial killer and track him/her down that way. However, serial killers’ sexual fantasies had not been explored. Notorious serial killers report that this kind of desensitizing happened to them. A disregard for morals, social norms, and the rights and feelings of others. Many serial killers have been labeled with some sort of neurological disorder. This kind of scenario plus desensitizing to more heinous crimes might suffice to make someone a serial killer. Others are motivated by the extreme pleasure they get from being in complete control of another person’s life, whether they live or die, when they die, how they die, how they feel when they die, what happens to them after they die, including eating them dead bodies (fx. (1991). And, as one last example, Gary Leon Ridgway "The Green River Killer" (presumed to have killed more than 90 people) stabbed a six-year-old boy (who survived the attack) when he was only 16. Antisocial personality disorder is the clinical term for what colloquially is known as psychopathy, or sociopathy. A common characteristic of serial killers is that they seek the ultimate thrill (as described in letters by The Zodiac killer). Sometimes only the ultimate thrill can move them (this is a likely scenario for the Zodiac killer). A second reason to think that it is plausible that serial killers are sometimes created by their environment without having the genetic makeup of a killer turns on what we know from interviews with serial killers caught alive. Research has also connected abnormalities in areas such as the corpus callosum and superior temporal gyrus to committing serial murder (Raine, 2019). Although many serial killers rape their victims before killing them (Ted Bundy, Gary Ridgway “The Green River Killer," John Gacy “The killer clown,” Michael Ross "The Roadside Strangler"), it is not usually sexual satisfaction by itself that motivates them but the control they feel when mercilessly taking what is not theirs. Although we do not know whether or to what extent you can be “born” a serial killer of the monstrous kind, we do know that many barbarous serial killers have antisocial personality disorder (not infrequently combined with an inflated ego, or narcissism). An example of a serial killer of this category is Jeffrey Dahmer, who was a serial killer in the period between 1978 and 1991 (Ostrosky & Alfredo, 2017, p. 77). The researchers in this study conduct a meta-analysis of relevant literature including academic studies and legal sources in order to assess the "complex interaction of biological, psychological, and sociological factors" that contribute to the making of a serial killer (p. 288). When a Couple Stops Having Sex, Whose Choice Is It? 1.1. There are however some factors that are common to the majority of serial killers. (2000). Exploring a complex question. hendonistic, and power. 29% of serial killers were found to be ‘accident prone children’ (Aynesworth 1999). But if the genes play an insignificant role, this would mean that the wrong environment might suffice for a person to turn into a barbaric killer. While head injury or brain pathology may be predisposing factors, the eventual offender responds to traumatization in the formative years in the negative way of having low self-esteem and increasingly violent fantasies. Try our expert-verified textbook solutions with step-by-step explanations. So, even if you have antisocial personality disorder, the chance that you become a serial killer is extremely low, which is to say that the heritability of antisocial personality disorder gives us nearly no insight into whether—or to what extent—serial killers are born or made. Is Deep Brain Stimulation an Effective Treatment for Severe OCD? Reviewed by Kaja Perina, The question "Are serial killers born or made?" But you're probably pretty spectacular in some way, and definitely good enough in most areas of life. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) 1.3. Comparing the risk factors and causes of criminal behavior for serial killers and sexual offenders, it is possible to conclude that serial killers’ risk factors are some psychoses, depressions, poor parental supervision and others. Bundy, Dennis Raider, and the rights and feelings of others in harmful ways for their own gain pleasure... 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